Themes of the Scarlet Letter essays

Subjects of the Scarlet Letter papers Subjects Pertaining to The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, outlines upon numerous thoughts alluding to life and methods of living. He addresses esteems saw by individuals of a wide range of societal position. Ethics, which ought to be engraved in ones psyche, appeared to be overlooked. These activities that ought to have never been performed are subjects uncovered in The Scarlet Letter. The activities being cultivated incorporate thoughts, for example, sin, vengeance, and double-crossing. Hawthorne utilizes numerous procedures in building up the topics that shape this novel. The demonstration of transgression happens ordinarily all through the novel. Hawthorne step by step builds up the transgression submitted by Reverend Dimmesdale. In the start of the book the peruser has no clue about who the genuine dad of Pearl is. Not until the finish of the book did the encompassing townspeople realize that Mr. Dimmesdale, a reverend, was the individual considered dependable. Hawthorne worked superbly in drawing out the mystery, which basically helped structure an incredible subject. Albeit Reverend Dimmesdales defiance wasnt explained until the finish of the story, another activity conflicting with the congregation began the novel. The wrongdoing of infidelity was what Hester Prynne was liable of submitting. Hawthorne chose to age this idea in the exact inverse method of Reverend Dimmesdales sin. Her wrongdoing wound up making her the principle fascination of the commercial center. As the story advanced, everybody turned out to be increasingly mellow about her wr ongdoing. So as one sin was declining, another was advancing. Since transgression was continually being seen all through the total of the novel, its now simple to perceive any reason why sin was a primary topic. Vengeance being another subject in the book, was thought and arranged out by a main character in The Scarlet Letter. Building such a character as Roger Chillingworth made it simple for Hawthorne to develop a point like retribution. By collaborating Chillingworth and Mr. Dimmesdale all the more frequently towards the center of the... <!

In What Ways Did the Polices of Mao’s Bring Change to China in the Years 1952-1969 Essay

During the initial multi year plan, the change was fruitful for China’s industry and farming. For China’s horticulture, it was improved by urging littler co-agents to consolidate to shape a bigger co-usable, they pooled their property together to make greater and progressively proficient ranches. With the goal that substantial industry (street and railroad development, steel creation, and so forth) in China would be modernized, and that it might likewise increment rural creation. Which lead to extension in both horticulture and industry. In industry, the Plan offered need to the development of substantial industry, all the more particularly steel, coal and hardware, and prompted the setting up of numerous creation plants, particularly in the focal point of China. This brought about incredible extension in overwhelming industry yet prompted the disregard of lighter, shopper businesses, for example, cotton-production and food preparing. Another occasion that occurred was the Great Leap Forward, the change wasn’t as fruitful as the First Five Year Plan. The same number of individuals kicked the bucket from starvation and the starvation during the time. The Great Leap Forward was a catastrophe. More than 30 million individuals kicked the bucket as a result of it and there were social and natural harms done that will never fix. Mao never drew near to the objectives which he had set despite the fact that he managed to get an expansion in iron creation for a multi year. During the hour of the Great Leap Forward, Industry and Agriculture had an enormous influence of it. As Mao made communes,which implied joining various little ranches together in a zone to frame one enormous work place and furthermore some were as extensive as 25,000 individuals, since Mao felt that mass work would increment rural creations without the expense of present day gear. Another change was that industry drooped in light of the fact that individuals began creating steel which was low quality and couldn’t be utilized, thus heaters took a lot of China’s coal thus the trains came up short on coal. Old machines additionally self-destructed from abuse, which implied that less time was invested on agribusiness and more energy was spent on delivering coal. There were additionally tremendous food deficiencies as time was spent on delivering coal. So there was starvation and individuals needed to starve, subsequently numerous kicked the bucket. This lead to The Cultural Revolution. The Cultural Revolution massively affected China from 1965 to 1968, The Cultural Revolution is the name given to Mao’s endeavor to reassert his convictions in China. Mao had been not exactly a unique chief from the late 1950’s on (having experienced the disappointment of his ‘Great Leap Forward crusade), and expecting that others in his own gathering may be taking on a main job that debilitated his capacity inside the gathering and the nation. The Cultural Revolution was an endeavor by Mao to re-force his clout on the gathering and accordingly the nation. Therefore, numerous pioneers were expelled and Revolutionary Committees ruled by the PLA ran the nation and the adversaries were either murdered or sent into banish. Generally speaking, the arrangements had carried significant change to China. Some were effective, for example, the First Five Year Plan, which gave China’s economy and agribusiness a blast. Be that as it may, some like The Cultural Revolution and The Great Leap Forward, weren’t fruitful and was a disappointment, numerous individuals passed on all through the rule of Chairman Mao.

Reviewing the Essay Topics For Pope John Paul II

Reviewing the Essay Topics For Pope John Paul IIThis is the third essay topic that Pope John Paul II has used to help a group of university students come up with the best possible essay. The last topic was titled 'The Value of Truth and Love.' I am quite sure that many college students are familiar with this particular subject.This article on essay topics for Pope John Paul II will explain why you should not follow the same old rules for essay topics. Pope John Paul II wants each of his students to share their views, opinions, thoughts, and feelings about different subjects. It would seem appropriate for them to write about things that they think are important. I don't necessarily disagree with this approach, but I believe it is inappropriate for each student to place different ideas in a single essay.The student who wishes to write two separate essays must be careful to avoid repeating the same ideas. It is much more logical for a student to write two separate essays on each subject . This gives each student the opportunity to include new information that was not available to the other student.I have already shown an obvious fact here. Each student must be allowed to voice their opinion on a particular subject. This is very important because it helps the student to develop the ability to express and communicate well.The third essay topic that Pope John Paul II suggested for a group of students to use was that of the difference between personal experience and objective knowledge. You can see that this topic is fairly difficult to address, yet it is something that most students will want to write about.Subjective statements are the best way to begin a thought process. Students should be encouraged to look for the best way to start their own thoughts. They should also be allowed to express their opinions in the form of a statement. The reader will see that students from diverse backgrounds to come up with the same thoughts.Objective statements are statements that are based on facts. They state something that is true, such as, 'the Earth revolves around the Sun.' While these facts are true, the students are not endorsing their statements as fact. A student can feel confident in making an objective statement if the student has prepared the information for his or her audience.Having the chance to use the most popular essay topics from a group of highly educated students provides the students with a great chance to give an original thought to the discussion. The idea is to give each student the opportunity to share their own opinion about different subjects.

HR Strategic Plan to Achieve Firms Shareholder Goals - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2020 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? 1.1. Over the years, a new philosophy has shaped the market and the way of approaching clients. Become one of the axioms, the key of any successful business is the level of service provided by the firms. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "HR Strategic Plan to Achieve Firms Shareholder Goals" essay for you Create order Service is an outcome of daily interacting between clients and firmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s employees; this is why it is critical to build HR plan to achieve firms shareholder goals and to satisfy employeeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s requirements. Strategic plans are not limited only to budget, sales, marketing and logistics. But, is has to include a detailed plan for the management of human resources before and after employment to ensure good and fair working environment, gain employees loyalty and commitment to achieve the set goals and to Increase employees productivity. HR plans should be in line with medium and long-term business strategy to guarantee correct supply whenever business grow and competition increase. Imagine; without planning to add new instructors, a training institute will accept to register 200 students, while the capacity is 50 only. What will be the result? 1.2. 1.3 HRM activities can be considered in two categories that will emphasis achieving the requirem ents of XXX during establishing and growing phases. Pre-employment: Build up the company organizational chart and reporting flow. Assure that supply of human resources will accomplish demand requirements. Understand human resources profile and their role and tasks. Moreover, recognize correct ways to source them. After hiring: Assign tasks relevant to the job description agreed and set realistic goal. Allocate proper workstation, designated work area. Set clear and fair internal policies and regulations. Implement group and customized continuous trainings. Design Career path for the promising employees. As XXX, strategy is to be recognized among the top five training institutions in the region with 8-10 years. Human resources plans should be aligning with this strategy like: appoint and secure high-educated and sufficient staff who got knowledge and eagerness to learn latest technologies updates, in addition; provide required facilities like workshops occupied with the best learning and training tools. 2.1. UAE is an open market where competition is incredibly tough, individuals looking to develop their own skills and competencies for better career achievements. Companies seeking at least to protect their own market share, this cannot be done without affective and efficient team. Technology changing rapidly, most of the companies are using systematic software to manage their business, employees forced to use PC softwareà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s for reports and many other tasks. Adding to above, law ask for minimum HR requirements to provide license for Business and computer training institution. . We do not forget individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s sensitivity for service, quality in UAE is high, and people are highly demanding for the best. XXXXX in the put up / growth stage, capital already decided by the owner. Location is ready which can accommodate at the same time 3 classes and each class includes 15 students. These factors lead that XXXX have to consider stating up with a minimum staff that can be attracted from other similar companies due to their required experience. XXXXX need to attract trainers with good reputation that will help in getting some students as XXXXX still unknown yet. Suggested startup company structure as below. Working hours Class schedule: Working hours Saturday to Friday Shift 1 9.00 am to 1.00 pm Shift 2 6.00 pm to 10.00 pm Class Room No Class Type Timing Max # of Students Room 1 Computer 9.30 am to 11.00 am 15 Room 2 Computer 9.30 am to 11.00 am 15 Room 3 Business 9.30 am to 11.00 am 15 Room 1 Computer 11.30 am to 1.00 pm 15 Room 2 Business 11.30 am to 1.00 pm 15 Room 3 Business 11.30 am to 1.00 pm 15 Room 1 Computer 6.30 pm to 8.00 pm 15 Room 2 Computer 6.30 pm to 8.00 pm 15 Room 3 Business 6.30 pm to 8.00 pm 15 Room 1 Business 8.30 pm to 10.00 pm 15 Room 2 Business 8.30 pm to 10.00 pm 15 Room 3 Computer 8.30 pm to 10.00 pm 15 2.2 As schools will be off during July August. The institute expect a grow in studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s enrolments in computer training classes; this requires allocating more Human resources to fulfill the requirements in the period prior to enrolments for marketing activities and during the courses time. Adding more human resources, changing working hours and adding more learning tools (PC devices) will be required to satisfy the demand during this period, but; form the other hand, it will be an additional un-wanted cost during other months. As a conclusion, whatever additional cost related to HR activities during this period should not be carried forward in the following months. 2.3 A- SMART target to be achieved by August: Increase of 30% in studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s enrolment in Jul Aug. Visiting 200 schools in Apr May for sales and marketing activities. Limiting any additional HR cost to this period only. B- HR Situation Analysis: Maximum capacity of Computer students per week: 90 students. Maximum # of computer courses per month considering each course 6 days: 4 courses. Maximum computer classes per day: six classes. Sales Marketing: Available two sales people focusing on brining corporate business. Working Hours: 9.00am to 1.00pm and 6.00pm to 10.00pm. C- Forecasting HR Demand: Based on the experience of such cases and on the target required to be achieved, XXXXX needs the below Human resources during Jul Aug and during the prior period for preparation. Type of Work Duration # of people Total hours Sales Marketing / computer Apr May. 42 working days 2 504 hrs. Reception Registration Jul Aug. 54 working days 2 864 hrs. Instructors Jul Aug. 54 working days 3 486 hrs. IT Jul Aug. 54 working days 2 540 hrs. D- Analysis of the supply: Type of Work # of available people Remarks Sales Marketing / computer 2 Both focusing on brining corporate business and cannot change their plans. Reception Registration 1 Working as per the standard working hours. Instructors / computer 2 Working at the maximum capacity of students. IT 1 Working as per the standard working hours. E- HR action plan: Considering target # 3, the best way to limit additional cost to this action only is to use temporary employees. Sales Marketing: sales activities should be in April May to insure the sales increasy in Jul Aug. two sales women can be appointed through companies provide human resources solution and supply. Instructors: once courses type defined, XXXX to attract instructors with good reputation in computer training. classes: add two new classes from 1.30pm to 3.00pm and from 3.30pm to 5.00pm. Working hours Jul Aug: 9.00am to 10.00pm. KPI for temporary employees to guarantee good performance. Additional Human resources required Type of Work Duration # of people Total hours Details Sales Marketing Apr May. 42 working days 2 504 hrs. Temporary contract, 6 hrs./D , 5 D/W Reception Registration Jul Aug. 54 working days 1 432 hrs. Temporary contract. from 12.00pm to 8.00 pm. 8hrs./D , 6D/W Instructors Jul Aug. 54 working days 1 162 hrs. Outsourcing. 2 class/D, 1.5 hrs./class Each course is 6 classes. IT Jul Aug. 54 working days 1 270 hrs. Temporary contract with It company. From 1.00pm to 6.00pm / D KPI for temporary employees Type of Work TARGET Sales Marketing Targeted market is schools; each sales should visit minimum 2 schools per Day. Commission Scheme 25-50 new students 3% of total courses fees / Student 51-75 new students 4% of total courses fees / Student 76 and above new students 6% of total courses fees / Student Reception Registration Work should be organized, filed and timely. Instructor Should attend all classes unless during force majeure. Additional 10% of total fees as a bonus in case of achieving 80% in the satisfaction questioner that students will fill at the end of each course. IT Software issues should be solved same day. Hardware issues should be solved next day, unless spare part not available in market. 2.4 XXXX main concerns are to reach to large segment of prospective clients, and to operate without loses to reach the breakeven point as early as possible. The proposed HR plan for Jul August will help in terms of marketing activities as the sales team will reach to a maximum number of prospective within short period and this will increase demand. Cooperating with reputed trainers will increase studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s satisfaction and they will be great word of mouth marketing tool. In terms of profit and loss: Considering that, all the temporary employees asked to receive their complete fees regardless if XXXXX managed to enroll enough number of students during Jul Aug or not. Type of Work Cost Total COST Sales Marketing 50 AED / hr. 504 hrs. 25,200 AED Reception Registration 25 AED / hr. 432 hrs. 10,800 AED Instructors 9000 AED / Course 18 courses 162,000 IT 50 AED / hr. 270 hrs. 13,500 AED OTHER OPERATING COST 20,000 TOTAL COST 231,500 AED AVG COURSE FEES / Student 2000 AED Break even requirements 116 students 3.1 3.2 Any institution needs HRM policy that insure driving the stuff in the correct path to achieve the corporate strategy. For XXXXX, I will highlight three main policies. Hiring policy: to attract new employees that ONLY have previous experience in similar institutions. Academic Training Development policy: related to head of departments, Instructors and sales team. All of them should attend periodical trainings to update their knowledge with the latest technological developments and recent business development programs. Leave policy: this policy will insure that each employee will achieve a minimum number of attendance days considering three types of leaves, which are Annual, Sick and emergency. 3.2 As per UAE labor law, there are two types of contracts, both of them allow the employee to resign after three years. Considering that XXXX may spend money on academic training for the employees, it is required to sign internal contract guarantee that the empl oyee will not leave unless he finished certain number of years. In addition, as per the law, employees entitled to 30days annual leave. This mean that XXXXX should plan how to cover the shortage of HR during this leave period. 4.1 4.2 XXXXX is a mall size company with organization structure defined if figure. In this structure, the administration manger is acting as HR manager who is responsible of setting all the procedures related human resources management that should follow the policy set by the institution. The general manager will be involved in all HR activates, and each department head will be responsible of HR activities of his team, expect issues related to ministry of Labor and general directorate of residency and foreign affairs, this will be the responsibility of the PRO. In additional, the company newly established and the team just met each other, still there is no clear environment in the work and still the HR could not identify the qualitative and qu antitative outcome from the employees. From this point, HRM should concentrate on building a friendly environment assuring as well that the entire employee will strictly follow rules and procedures. 4.3 One of the basic steps to build a successful strategic plan is to perform an environmental analysis of the institution, which includes the internal scan. This internal will define the strengths and weaknesses on the institutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s elements including human resources situation, at this point it is required to implement an effective human resources management in a harmony with the institution goals. Such plan effectiveness can be proved by reducing the gap between HR demand and supply. To monitor the performance of HRM plan in XXXXX, they may follow the below to generate the KPI of HRM activities: Domain of HR activity Possible Measures Staffing Time and cost to fill a job Performance of hired applicants Turnover of staff ratio Training and Number Efficiency of training programs per year Development Career development Overall Performance Effectiveness of appraisal process for dealing with poor performers system Ratio of salary and benefits to market Compliance with federal and state fair employment practices Internal Consistency and clarity of messages from top management and from HR communication Culture Effectiveness of information sharing among departments Speed and effectiveness of responses to employee complaints Institution culture and employee relation 4.4 By analyzing current HRM issues, we can identify the reason and suggest solutions as below: Reasons: Centralized management: the GM should take all the decisions regardless of the importance, without listing to employees ideas. Reporting flow: reports should be sent through administration manager only. Shared team activities: NONE. Suggested solutions: Change decision-making process by involving the team in brain storming session and passing some power to division head for better faster reactions. Each employee will report to his direct supervisor. Arrange team outing and other indoor social activities like calibrating employees birthdays.

The Kite Runner - Amir and Babas Relationship, Amir and...

Amir and Hassan’s Relationship From reading chapters one to four, one of the main aspects of Amir and Hassan’s relationship is the sense of control Amir has over Hassan. It becomes apparent that Amir is the one with the most authority in their friendship when he ‘talked’ Hassan into firing walnuts at the neighbour’s one-eyed German shepherd, ‘Hassan never wanted to, but if I asked, really asked, he wouldn’t deny me’. This highlights the way Hassan looks up to Amir and obeys him due to their religious, cultural and social differences, ‘I was a Sunni and he was a Shi’a’. Nevertheless, Amir does express his sensitive side towards Hassan and feels protective over him, especially when he can see he’s upset, ‘I reached across my seat, slung my†¦show more content†¦Hassan’s inferior character is presented by the way he serves Amir, ‘While I ate and complained about homework, Hassan made my bed’, which implies that no matter how close they may be, Hassan remains the servant which he accepts and is content with, ‘I’d hear him singing to himself in the foyer as he ironed’. Also, Hassan addresses Amir as ‘Amir agha’ which highlights his respect to Amir. However, despite their divisions, when they are alone together they consider themselves equal, ‘†Amir and Hassan, the sultans of Kabul†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, creating irony as they are both aspiring the same hopes and dreams but we know that it is unattainable. Amir is often threatened by Hassan which Hassan is oblivious to, resulting in Amir feeling jealous and misusing his authority over Hassan, ‘though I stopped reading those when I saw he was far better at solving them than I was’, implying that Amir can’t handle an ‘inferior’ person exceeding him in any way. This jealousy develops into abuse towards Hassan when Amir uses his intelligence to make a fool of Hassan who is illiterate, ‘†When it comes to words, Hassan is an imbecile.† â€Å"Aaah† he said, nodding’. However, Amir would then feel ‘guilty’ for this and would give him an old shirt or a broken toy, ‘I would tell myself that was amends enough for a harmless prank’ displaying Amir’s malicious behaviour towards Hassan. Amir and Baba’s Relationship From the beginningShow MoreRelatedKite Runner Father Son Relationship1628 Words   |  7 PagesFather Son Relationships in The Kite Runner Sigmund argues â€Å"I cannot think of any need in childhood as strong as the need for a father’s protection†. A child’s treatment in their early memories directly impacts a child’s future. Moreover, it is important for elder figures such as fathers to raise their children with genuine love, protection, and care. In the novel, â€Å"The Kite Runner† the connection between a father and son may not always be one of love, but rather it is loaded with compassion andRead MoreEssay on The Kite Runner Relationship and Symbolism1662 Words   |  7 Pagesin ‘The Kite Runner’ to present key relationships? You should consider different reader responses and the extent to which your critical approach assists your interpretation. In Khaled Hosseini’s novel, ‘The Kite Runner’, it is often thought that symbols and metaphors are used as visual representations to reinforce and put emphasis on important stages in the novel. In can be seen that symbols are used in the novel to highlight particular moments in key relationships. For example Kites, the PomegranateRead MoreKite Runner Essay899 Words   |  4 PagesGena Narcisco Mrs. Sharpe Honors English 10 10/11/12 The Kite Runner Do you know that Afghanis play a game where they fight with kites? The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini describes kite fights between local Afghani kids, regardless of their social status. The main characters in this story that come from a higher socioeconomic level are Baba, a lawyer from the Pashtun tribe, and his son Amir. The main characters in this story that come from the lower socioeconomic level are Ali, a servant fromRead MoreSymbolism In The Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini992 Words   |  4 Pages In the novel the Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini, the author, often uses symbolism throughout the book. There are many, many items or things that signifies something, or means something different than what is shown. For example, things like the kite, the pomegranate tree, Amir’s scar, the slingshot, the reference of the lamb, and Hassan’s cleft lip. Analyzing symbolism in this book could go far, there are many things to be said about the symbolism in this novel. The reason for using symbolism is becauseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini789 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Kite Runner† by Khaled Hosseini, is the complex story about a father and a son who struggled to find common ground. Amir was a conflicted boy trying to find his place while in search of redemption. He believed his father; Baba disliked him because his birth was the reason his mother passed. While Amir’s father favored the son of their family servant, Hassan. Amirâ€℠¢s friendship with Hassan was genuine until a tragic event Amir witnessed of Hassan and Amir did not step in to help. That crime againstRead MoreKite Runner Essay1002 Words   |  5 PagesThe Kite Runner Theme Essay Father-Son Relationship (Amir and Baba) Amir, who is the main character The Kite Runner, is a boy who always wanted the admiration and acceptance of his father, Baba. Baba and Amir cannot have the relationship Amir wants to have because of the characteristics that they have and do not share between each other. Amir wants to have Baba all to himself, and not share him with others, such as Hassan. Amir is weak in Baba’s eyes and Amir is not how Baba sees his son to beRead MoreTheme Of Forgiveness In The Kite Runner790 Words   |  4 Pagesand ends up being cyclical in The Kite Runner. For most of the novel, Amir attempts to deal with his guilt by avoiding it. But doing this clearly does nothing toward redeeming himself, and thus his guilt endures. That is why he still cringes every time Hassans name is mentioned. When Amir finds out about Babas betrayal of Ali (and subsequent betrayal of Hassan), he realizes that everything he thought he knew and understood about his father was false. And Amir himself feels betrayed. But Baba hasRead MoreA Literary Analysis of Internal and External Conflict in The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini838 Words   |  3 PagesHosseini’s writing of The Kite Runner, where the protagonists: Amir and Hassan must survive an ever changing cultural landscape; where corrupt governments and deceit are commonplace. 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In the novel, by Khaled Hosseini, the reader learns that both Amir and Baba have betrayed the people closest to them: Amir betrayed Hassan and Baba betrayed AliRead MoreThe Selfish Sacrifice910 Words   |  4 PagesThe Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini is an unforgettable, powerful and heartrending novel of two friends bonded by childhood and of the forces that tear them apart. Amir, the protagonist, is a young boy who is constantly faced with the challenge to stand up for what is right, however, he always fails to fight his own battles and constantly depends on his friend, Hassan, for aid. Amir is emotionally unstable due to deprivation of love from his father, who is his only source of affection. He yearns to

The World And Its Economic Systems Essay - 2422 Words

PAPER The world and its economic systems been to, at an ever increasing rate. Over thousands of years civilization have developed the means to master resources, such as, land, water and even the heavens. Agriculture allowed the human race to no longer rely on migrant herds of animals, but to settle and look to the ground beneath them for a continued supply of basic needs. Dale and Carter argue, â€Å"both civilization and the enjoyment of civilization rest on the surplus production by those who supply the necessities of life† (1955, p. 9). Once that point in the creation of a society is reached, others are able to veer away from the trade agriculture, specializing in other pursuits valuable to a community. Early examples of this scenario playing to its actors benefits include the Mesopotamians and Egyptians. Farming, specifically a surplus of food, allowed for humans to focus on other pursuits that would further advance the progress of a given community. With the growth in avai lable pursuits, Ellen Wood believes â€Å"an [evolution] of the division of labor †¦ accompanied by technological improvements in the instruments of production† allows for commercial development within a society to take place (1999, p. 5-6). Growth will continue to compound on itself, bar no external interferences - such as drought, famine, plague. With growth came trade of goods. People were placed in a situation in which, as profit-maximizing beings, needed to now exchange their own specific productShow MoreRelatedThe Political And Economic System Of The World2338 Words   |  10 PagesIn the wake of WWII, peace was the main goal sought out by the entirety of the world. However as the twentieth century hit its halfway mark, the conflicting ideals of two countries dragged the world into a tense struggle for power and international identity yet again. 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Some strategists tried to rebuild the order from before World War I in a more flexible and stable way while others bucked the traditional world order all together

Data Mining for Business Applications -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theData Mining for Business Applications. Answer: Introduction The need to collect more data from people that end up being personal information is prevalent in todays generation (The conversation, 2016). Such information is later analyzed and stored using super computers as magnanimous sets of data known as big data and at times may end up falling into the wrong hands making the owners of such information vulnerable to abuse and insecurity for that matter. However, big data has huge benefits as it has the power to revolutionize and transform the lives of people due to its predicting power (The conversation, 2016). It would feel great where someone knows what the weather will be with utmost accuracy like 24 hours before the actual event occurs (The conversation, 2016). However, there many risks and threats that may arise in the use of big data as due to the possibility of being utilized maliciously, more so for individuals who are ardent users of the internet and as such spend much time browsing and surfing the internet. Analysis Major security issues The stakes are getting bigger due to a large number of individuals engaged in security incidents that involve big data. In 2014 alone saw Arkansas University development system got breached and saw more than 50000 people fell victims as a result of the breach (The conversation, 2016).50000 people were a large number but It would more devastating if it was extended to more than 100 million people where email addresses, birth dates among other things were stored fell into the wrong hands or got stolen at eBay at the same time. According to professional experts insecurity issues, it is more task daunting trying to protect big sets of data. The reason behind such an explanation is the fact that nature of the technology used in storing and processing such data is complex and sophisticated. Companies such as Amazon that use and depend on distributed computing which entails dispersion of data centers geographically across the globe may be vulnerable to security risks(The conversation, 2016). Amazon as its global operations distributed in twelve regions and each of these regions as a data center making such centers susceptible to physical attacks as well as consistent cyber-attacks targeting servers in tens of thousands. It has always been pointed out by IT experts that a single point of access is important in ensuring security measures are guaranteed and is also one of the strategies employed in ensuring information is controlled(The conversation, 2016).It also argued that it is easier when one access point is made as opposed to having other hundred access points. On the contrary, big data is seen to operate in the opposite direction to the above-stated principle of a single access point has it has numerous access points distributed geographically(The conversation, 2016). The susceptibility of big data spreads far beyond because of its big size and the many access points in various locations. Also, another challenge originates from software components that are complex ignoring security issues, and that entails infrastructure from big data companies and as such leads to open positions that lead to attacks(The conversation, 2016).A good example is the Hadoop, a software which is a collection of components that allows programmers that are carrying massive amounts of data process such information using a computing framework. When Hadoop was being launched, it had features that were considered as basic that could support just a few individuals(The conversation, 2016). Many companies, however, have continued to use Hadoop in their data platform despite the fact that Hadoop was only built with the intention of supporting small scale operations. Ethical implications in data mining It is the duty and the role of consumers to ensure that they raise concerns and demands for a heightened level of data protection by having signed agreements and terms and conditions from institutions collecting and using data such as big data(The conversation, 2016). The use of encryptions, systems of intrusion detection and incorporation of auditing and control of access are some of the countermeasures employed to curb and prevent information from getting breached and falling into the wrong hands. Such security measures help in ensuring and promoting privacy of many clients. Despite the fact that heightened security is preferred in ensuring security measures are enhanced, it has been found that it can hurt peoples privacy as it creates legitimate reasons for collecting private information(Yu Zhang, 2008). Such information entails surfing the web for employees on computers at work places. It has been found out that when security agencies are involved in the process of collecting information while trying to boost security all the stakeholders are branded as terrorists or criminals and the information collected may be used to build cases against them. Although authorities possess and have knowledge about people, they could instruct companies such as Apple and Google to give them more information and intelligence such as versions of data that are decrypted. Also, issues such as the terms used in search engines and the online buying habits could be provided by such companies to the authorities. One of the major principles employed in justifying such kind of surveillances is that no one can be trusted. According to such principles, they have been found affordable and also more feasible as result of big data using such formidable technologies(Soares Ghani, 2010). Surprisingly, it is evident that after collection of such information, it joins the rest of the data leaving and creating room for future breaches as portrayed in snooping cases at national level. Another privacy issue of concern is that big data companies track every move of consumers aiming to establish targeted advertising. As such tracking becomes cheap and easily analyzed. The personality Insights from IBM could build a profile of the customer extending beyond demographics information. Conclusion However, data when used properly it can enhance efficiency in privacy by giving more information that gives better quality in terms of preventing cyber-attacks(The conversation, 2016). For instance in real world people do not have to worry about phishing since big data analytics can detect such mails as malicious. References Soares, C., Ghani, R. (2010). Data mining for business applications. Amsterdam: IOS. The conversation. (2016). Big data security problems threaten consumers' privacy. Retrieved August 19, 2017, from The Conversation: https://theconversation.com Yu, P., Zhang, C. (2008). Data mining for Business Applications. Dordecht: Springer.

The Hardboiled Qualities and Features in Detective Stories

Hardboiled literary style in crime fiction writing is associated with detective stories. It is often distinguished by the cynical interpretation of sex and violence in the literature. Caroll John Daly is credited to be the pioneer of hardboiled crime fiction style writing in the mid 1920s with his â€Å"Knights of the Open Palm† published on June 1,1923 in Black Mask Magazine (Nolan, 273).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Hardboiled Qualities and Features in Detective Stories specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hardboiled fiction writing was popularized by Dashiell Hammett with his character Sam Spade in The Maltese Falcon, over the course of time in the late 1930s Raymond Chandler refined hardboiled writing through his Philip Marlowe in The Big Sheep ( Collins, 153 – 154). This paper aims to illustrate the hardboiled qualities and features of detective stories in analysing the three most notable au thors’ characters in their novels namely Sam Spade of Dashiell Hammett’s The Maltese Falcon, Philip Marlowe of Raymond Chandler’s The Big Sheep and Kinsey Millhone of Sue Grafton’s A for Alibi. Dashiell Hammett started the hardboiled writing trend in detective stories through his character Sam Spade in his The Maltese Falcon novel. Hammett through his novel portrayed Spade as someone who has a cold detachment to the situation he is in and with the people he is with. Spade, though he displays several similar features of other detectives such as his keen eye for details and unwavering determination to accomplish justice, the character’s hardboiled qualities is depicted in his selfish, bitter and sardonic personality. In The Maltese Falcon novel, Spade was having an affair with his partner Miles Archer’s wife, a portrayal of his antagonistic and self-centred nature. His aloof personality together with his cold emotionless isolation from matters are displayed upon the discovery of several murders namely that of Archer and Thursby in which Spade was found to be one of the suspects. He lets everyone, including the police, the criminals, and other characters in the novel believe that he is indeed one of the law offenders while he single-mindedly works on solving the case on his own. Though Sam Spade’s character was able to do the noble thing at the end of the novel, his actions depict him as someone who only does so because of self-interest. Hammett never showed his readers the characters inner thoughts in which what was said and done by the characters were already the factors that shape them thus Spade’s morality was questionable. In Spade’s case it was ambiguous if he really displayed the usual hardboiled characteristic of detectives who pose idealism underneath their hard cynical shells.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Big Sheep was Raymond Chandler’s first novel in his series about the adventures of Philip Marlowe. Chandler’s character, Philip Marlowe is indeed a true hardboiled character in which underneath his sceptical, hard drinking, tough persona Marlowe is thoughtful and idealistic. His character’s soft side is portrayed in his enjoyment of simple pleasures such as the playing of chess and his love of poetry. Marlowe’s contemplative nature surfaces when he sets scores through other means rather than violence. In the novel, The Black Sheep a scene were Carmen Sherwood had a gun and shot Joe Brody but missed, Marlowe quickly confiscated the deadly weapon from Sternwood and told her to go home, this was a display of Marlowe’s evasion from hostility. He is careful in thinking things through before making a statement or stance. In terms of his morality, Philip Marlow is decent for he was stern in avoiding the tactics and temptati ons brought about by the femmes fatale of the novel, Vivian and Carmen Sternwood. Both sisters tried to seduce Marlowe for instance when Vivian was saved by the detective from an apparent mugging, he drove her to the beach resulting to her advancing towards him, while Carmen found herself waiting for Marlowe to arrive home in his bed naked. In both instances Marlowe refused the ladies advancements. Unlike the first two novels discussed above, Sue Grafton’s lead character in her novel, A for Alibi, is a woman in the form of Kinsey Millhone. Millhone fits the hardboiled qualities and features needed in detective stories through her lonesome nature developed as an orphaned child, her tough persona in her case dealings and her idealism underneath her hard shell of cynicism which is slowly revealed in her encounters with family members. Grafton’s Kinsey Millhone is significant in the hardboiled detective world because gender equality is illustrated in the novel. The notion of equality among men and women is being tacked here in that what other male protagonist can do, Millhone, a female lead can also do. Though the personality of Grafton’s character had been adjusted to fit that of a woman, her primary characteristics are similar to those of male protagonist in usual hardboiled fictions such her morality struggles in having her own â€Å"femmes fatale† in the form of Charlie Scorsoni whom Millhone was involved with even if he was still in her suspect list, her tough girl attitude sometimes associated by her being tomboyish but her idealistic side also surfaces when she secretly yearns for comfort of a loving relationship whether be that with her family or with a man. Works Cited Collins, Max Allan. The Hard-Boiled Detective. Ed. William DeAndrea. Prentice Hall, 1994. Print.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Hardboiled Qualities and Features in Detective Stories specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/p age Learn More Nolan, William. The Black Mask Boys: Masters in the Hard-Boiled School of Detective Fiction. William Marrow and Company, 1985. Print. This essay on The Hardboiled Qualities and Features in Detective Stories was written and submitted by user Jazmine Callahan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Effect of concentration of copper sulphate on the action of amylase to break down starch Essays

Effect of concentration of copper sulphate on the action of amylase to break down starch Essays Effect of concentration of copper sulphate on the action of amylase to break down starch Paper Effect of concentration of copper sulphate on the action of amylase to break down starch Paper There are two ways that we could have consumed copper sulphate. Water pipes are responsible for transporting water, and some of them are made out of copper. Copper pipes can become rusted if there is high sulphate content in the water, basic copper sulphate is precipitated which can grow through the pipe wall creating pit holes [1]. Copper sulphate is also used in some places to treat sewer lines, tree roots are constantly looking for water and organic sources and sewer lines are the perfect site for them. Tree roots will penetrate and damage the pipes which will is expensive to repair. Copper sulfate kills tree roots without killing the tree or other plants [2], therefore copper sulphate is poured into these pipes to kill the tree roots. This way there is a small chance that copper sulphate will leak into the pipes that are used for drinking. Copper sulphate can do a lot of harm to the human body, but very little has been discussed on the effect of copper sulphate on amylase, which is an enzyme that is present in human saliva and in the small intestines, therefore I want to perform an experiment to find out how the concentration of copper sulphate will affect the action of amylase. Copper sulphate Copper sulphate has the formula CuSO4 and is commonly used to control fungus diseases [17], both in agriculture and medicine. According to the Turkish Journal of Zoology (source 16), copper sulphate can inhibit the activity of amylase by 5%. Enzymes- Alpha Amylase Enzymes are biological catalyst, and a catalyst is substance which speeds ups a chemical reaction but remains unchanged itself at the end. [71] Enzymes are biological catalyst because they are globular protein molecules that are made by living cells to speed up reactions inside a living organism. There are three levels of structure of enzyme; the primary, secondary and tertiary structure. The primary structure is the order and type of amino acids that made up the chains. The secondary structure is the folding of the chains into either beta sheets or helix. The tertiary structure is the overall folding of the chains into a three dimensional, globular shape with an active site of a specific shape. Amylase is an enzyme made in the salivary gland and pancreas in the human body. They are used to break down carbohydrates, in other words starch are broken down to sugar or glucose [8]. Enzymes are sensitive to its environment, changes to the pH and temperature will affect the structure and function of enzyme, and therefore these factors have to be kept the same during the experiment. How does an enzyme work? Being a biological catalyst, enzymes work by providing an alternative pathway that has a lower activation enthalpy for reaction to take place therefore speeding up reactions without changing any other factors such as temperature and concentration. Many reactions in the body will not happen at all because the activation enthalpy is too high to reach, therefore the presence of enzymes are vital in every organisms for reactions to take place and to stay alive. The first proposed theory of how the enzyme work is called the lock and key hypothesis, where the substrate is imagined being like a key whose shape is complementary to the enzyme or lock. [72] The substrate will fit into the active site of the enzyme and will form an enzyme-substrate complex. Once this complex is formed, bonds within the substrate will be affected by the bonds in the enzyme; bonds will break and reform, ultimately forming products. The products will then leave the active site of the enzyme, leaving the enzyme free again to accept another substrate. The diagram below shows how the enzyme works. A diagram showing how enzyme works Induced fit hypothesis However this is not completely true, by using technique such as X-ray crystallography and computer assisted modeling [73], we can say that the active site is actually not a perfect fit to the substrate. So when the substrate approach the active site, either the shape of the substrate or the shape of active site will change slightly so they can fit precisely together. In addition, the active site could be modified as substrate interacts with the enzyme. The amino acids which make up the active site are moulded into precise shape which enables the enzyme to perform its catalytic function effectively [74]. The diagram below illustrates the induced fit theory, the shape is different when there is no substrate bonded to it and when there is substrate bonded to it. A diagram showing the induced fit theory Enzyme inhibition There are molecules that exist which act as enzyme inhibitors. They will disrupt the normal function of the enzyme, preventing it from working so the rate of reaction will decrease, or no reaction at all. There are two forms of inhibitions; competitive and non-competitive inhibitions. Competitive inhibition Competitive inhibitors will compete with the substrates for the active sites of the enzyme. This occur when a structure which is sufficiently similar to that of the normal substrate to be able to fit into the active site [75]. As the active site is occupied by the inhibitor, the substrate cannot bind to the active site to get catalysed, so rate of reaction is decreased. However, a competitive inhibition is usually reversible if sufficient substrate molecules are available to ultimately displace the inhibitor [12]. Non-competitive reversible inhibition The inhibitor has not got a complementary shape to the active site of the enzyme; it will bind to other parts of the enzyme instead. The binding of the inhibitor to the enzyme will have no effect on the ability of the substrate to bind to the enzyme, but it makes it impossible for catalysis to take place [76]. Unlike the competitive inhibitor, the rate of reaction will not be affected by the concentration of substrate. Non-competitive irreversible inhibition This type of inhibitor is non-competitive because it has not got a complementary shape that can fit into the active site of enzyme, so will not compete with the substrate for the active site, and the inhibition is irreversible. Heavy metal ions are typical of this type of inhibitors. They will combine permanently to the sulphydryl (-SH) groups. This could be in the active site or elsewhere [13] of the enzyme. The metal ions replace the hydrogen in -SH to form -SX. This will alter the structure and active site of the enzyme permanently, therefore enzymes can no longer catalyse the break down of starch. The diagram above shows the how heavy metal ion, in this case silver, will substitute hydrogen to form -SAg bond. This will alter the shape of active site so the substrate can no longer fit into it to get catalysed. As mentioned above, heavy metal ions are typical of this type of inhibition; copper is a heavy metal ion, so if copper sulphate does inhibit the action of amylase, I can conclude that copper sulphate is a non-competitive irreversible inhibitor. The collision theory The collision theory explains how reactions occur. Two particles can only react together if they come into contact with each other. They first have to collide, and then they may react [21]. They may react because colliding particles need to satisfy two requirements to cause a successful collision or reaction. The orientation of collision When two particles collide together, they need to have the right orientation when they come into contact for them to react. The diagram below illustrates this. There are four different orientations of collisions with enough energy for a successful collision to happen. However only collision 1 results in a successful collision, this is because it has the right orientation to collide with the bond which results in a successful collision, the particles in the other three collisions will simply bounce off each other [21]. Energy of collision The second requirement for a reaction to take place is that particles must collide with a certain minimum energy, called the activation energy [21]. Without sufficient energy, the two particles will simply bounce off each other after they collide. The activation enthalpy of a reaction is shown below. Starch and iodine solution This is a test for the presence of starch in a solution. When iodine solution is added to a solution contatining starch, a blue black colour will form. This is because the amylose, or straight chain portion of starch, forms helices where iodine molecules assemble, forming a dark blue/black color. [15] This means that when starch is being broken down by the amylase, the amylose will start break down too into smaller units, therefore losing the helics shape around the iodine molecules, the blue-black colour will then start to disappear. I can exploit this characteristic in my experiment to dertermine the end point. Using a colorimeter to monitor the light absorbance, I can determine the rate of reaction as it is the same as how quickly the solution decolourises.

Book review( Leadership tool kit) Bryn Hughes Essay

Book review( Leadership tool kit) Bryn Hughes - Essay Example Hughes’ observes that leaders should explore motives and outline key result areas amongst other things. In essence, Hughes does not only dwell on ethical leadership, but also on professional competence in leadership. He seems to affirms strongly that leadership is God chosen and should be treated with the seriousness and responsibility it deserves. Hughes sees leadership as a state of mind of a person who is visionary and spiritual. He also sees leadership to be defined by sound character. The author also analyses that good motives of a leader should be to share with other so that they can achieve together as a team. His understanding of motives is leadership is also pegged in Bible teachings on leadership. He analyses in various ways that proper motives are the key drivers for any success as a leader. One may see that although he focuses on doing the right thing from the Biblical context of righteousness, his leadership tools also blend well in the context of organizations in the contemporary societies. One may also note that when Hughes explains the concept and the relevance of motives to Christian leadership, he also captures on the teachings of Jesus about what constitutes sins. Jesus on His part observes in the Bible (Mathew 5:28) that whoever has looked at a woman lustfully has committed sex with her. One may say that it is in this regard that Hughes focuses and emphasizes on good motive. Although he does not dwell on the subject with very specific examples, it is understandable that anything that does not constitute God’s will is morally wrong for Christian living. This way, he observes, leaders are able to improve themselves as individuals and improve their teams. The author emphasizes that Christian leaders are should work hard towards acquiring these skills in contemporary society. In order to achieve this, the author rightfully recognizes that there is a need to identify key result areas. Hughes offers that leaders should have the drive and the desire to achieve. They do this through a display of effort in the various areas that they have identified as areas of need. When there is a strong desire to take or accept responsibilities, then a leader is on course. Leadership that is concerned about not just tasks to be completed but also demonstrates which tasks is preferable. Hughes seems to assert that proper leadership would involve being efficient at allocated tasks through proper facilitation and motivation (Hughes, 2002, p. 34). The leader should demonstrate a high morale through involvement with his/her team. This is observable through proper coordination. Other key result areas include being supportive, participative and directive. Churches can enhance leadership by training leaders at various levels to be supportive in their various involvements. Sometimes things not work out as expected. Hughes offers that leaders should support others especially by recognizing the effort put into it. Most importantly, they s hould offer support on various tasks on progress as might be necessary. It is also important that leaders acquire skills through actual participation in the various areas of involvement in the church leadership. While working in their teams, the author also offers that there is a need for leaders to be trained to be visions creators. Visionary leaders are capable of come up with new ideas that will help in goals setting and eventual action plan.

Ecology and Christian Theology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Ecology and Christian Theology - Essay Example Sea levels are rising and closer to home, Australia is faced with water restrictions, greater droughts and more extreme fire days; all because of climate change. The impacts of climate change if left unchecked will increase poverty. Poor people in developing countries are more vulnerable to the  impacts of climate change, yet they have done little to contribute to it. Australian average temperatures have increased 0.9 °C since 1950, with significant regional variations. The frequency of hot days and nights has increased and the frequency of cold days and nights has declined. Since 1950, most of eastern and south-western Australia has experienced substantial rainfall declines. Across New South Wales and Queensland these rainfall trends partly reflect a very wet period around the 1950s, though recent years have been unusually dry. In contrast, north-west Australia has become wetter over this period, mostly during summer. From 1950 to 2005, extreme daily rainfall intensity and frequ ency has increased in north-western and central Australia and over the western tablelands of New South Wales, but decreased in the south-east and south-west and along the central east coast. Global sea levels rose by about 17 cm during the 20th century, and by around 10 cm from 1920-2000 at the Australian coastal sites monitored. Substantial warming has also occurred in the three oceans surrounding Australia, particularly off the south-east coast and in the Indian Ocean. In the film, An Inconvenient Truth, Al Gore begins his slide show on climate change; a comprehensive presentation replete with detailed graphs, flow charts and stark visuals. Gore shows off several majestic photographs of the Earth taken from multiple space missions and he notes that these photos dramatically transformed the way we see the Earth, helping spark modern environmentalism. Throughout the movie, Gore discusses the  scientific opinion on climate change, as well as the present and future  effects of

Intellectual Challenge Essay Example for Free

Intellectual Challenge Essay The intellectual property rights for WiMAX technology were distributed throughout the industry found that no single company is in a dominant patent ownership position. The forum’s study was conducted by IPR law firm Schwegman, Lundberg, Woessner and Kluth, and found that there are about 1550 WiMAX-related patents whose ownership is distributed among about 330 companies. Samsung owns close to 20% of those patents, but no other company has a larger percentage than that. Also, of the 23 companies that own more than 10 patents, 74% are WiMAX Forum members. â€Å"There is a dispersed distribution of patents,† Resnick said. â€Å"We are promoting the practice of charging very low royalties for WiMAX, unlike what has happened with some 3G technologies. What this shows is that the WiMAX market will be a safe haven for royalties in the future. †(O’Shea, 2006). To provide affordable voice and data connectivity to buildings with no wired connections (Alvarion, 2006). Building on this success, Alvarion will be deploying WiMAX networks worldwide to provide voice and data services in both rural and urban areas. But the ultimate promise of WiMAX will be when it is built into laptops and handsets the way Wi-Fi exists today. Then users will need only one connection for their laptops making broadband access simpler and more cost effective. (Alvarion, 2006) The availability of two, mutually incompatible, versions of WiMAX creates a challenge for everybody in the industry, trying to understand how they will fare in the market, which one will dominate in the long term and which services they will support. 802. 16-2004 WiMAX only supports fixed access, but products are already available. 802. 16e WiMAX supports mobile and fixed access but products are still at least a year away. The report addresses these issues and provides an extensive overview of WiMAX technology, competing technologies, regulation, and business models. It gives a very detailed forecast of subscribers, service revenues and equipment revenues for 15 countries, 6 regions and for the worldwide market. Demand for broadband services is exploding, but both service providers and residential end-users demand very low cost CPE (in the $100 range) to adopt WiMAX extensively. So far, the demand for broadband wireless services has been mainly driven by high-end corporate and government users. Further, many of the cash-rich operators we interviewed said that they prefer not to commit to large network deployments until the mobile WiMAX version becomes widely available. These service providers, which include both current and prospective license holders, view 802. 16e as the best choice for both fixed and mobile applications. The next two years will be key for WiMAX adoption in the country. (Prado Fellah, 2006) Wimax Facts and Security Issue Multiple security mechanisms protect operator, residential customer and enterprise privacy. Weatherized enclosure allows collocation on rooftops – limiting physical access. Advanced encryption protects over-the-air transmission. It has Password protection of all remote management methods. (Winncom Technologies, 2005) The designers of WiMAX were aware of inherent security issues found in Wi-Fi. And as a result greater security functionality was built into the base of the 802. 16 standard. The current 802. 16-2004 (fixed WiMAX) standard specifies using a key management protocol, which adheres to server/client architecture and uses the X. 509 digital certificates to authenticate subscriber stations (SS). (Usekas, 2006) Segment Segregation a wireless network should be treated as having a higher security risk than an internal physical network. It is always a good idea to separate the wireless network from sensitive resources. System administrators should police all traffic passing between a wireless segment and the rest of the network. Figure 1 illustrates a wireless segment separated from the rest of the network by a firewall. In this case firewall is a logical concept and can mean just another Ethernet port on your existing firewall. The advantage of segment separation rests in being able to control the traffic flow to and from a wireless segment by applying policies to the firewall. For example, if all you want is to allow wireless users to browse the web and access your intranet web server, then you can specify rules to that effect ensuring that no other type of traffic will traverse the firewall, and cause a problem in the internal network. (Wimax. com Broadband Solutions, Inc. 2005) In addition most enterprise level firewalls support†per policy authentication methods. This allows system administrators to configure policies preventing traffic outside of clearly defined policies until they authenticate using HTTP, TELNET or FTP protocols, thus adding another authentication layer to the security. User databases can either be maintained locally on the device, or by using selected firewalls, which support the use of existing RADIUS or TACACS+ servers. It is possible to go one step further and integrate per policy authentication with two factor authentication technologies like RSA SecurIDA‚A ®, which provides physical tokens with rotating security PINs. These do provide a much more secure user authentication system than reusable passwords. Provisions for helping to ensure the integrity of user data traffic and control messaging are essential for wide scale system deployment. Security and cryptographic suite support specified in the WiMAX Forum Mobile System Profile represents the latest in state of the art security. Encryption of user data traffic is expected to be based on AES in CCM mode. Management message integrity protection is expected to be based on cipher-based MAC (CMAC). (Intel, 2006)

Russian Revolution :: Russian Russia History

Russian Revolution Between 1861 and 1917, Russian society had undergone many changes. It is safe to say that every aspect of that society had been some how modified. These changes led up to the Bolshevik revolution in November of 1917. Given the nature of Russian society, was the Bolshevik revolution unavoidable? Among the changes Russian society had undergone, one starts off the whole chain of events. This was the emancipation of the serfs, in 1861, by Czar Alexander. The emancipation freed 44 million peasants. The Czar knew that the only way to end the discontent of the serfs and to show that Russia too was a modern society would be to let them free. The Edict of Emancipation caused many problems these uneducated peasants. The land now assigned to them was smaller then the plots they were using as serfs. This was an average of 8 acres. There was also a forty-nine year period over which installments could be paid before the peasants were given full ownership of the land. In fact many peasants were still working for their landlords after the edict. Because of his efforts Alexander was nicknamed "the liberator". Despite giving the serfs their freedom, Alexander's actions cause more problems then they solved. After the unification of Germany between 1861 and 1891, which accelerated it's military and political power, Russia too felt it should industrialize. A man named Sergei Witte, who was Minister of Finance from 1892-1903, almost single-handedly pushed Russia into its industrialization. He knew that Russia needed something to start her on the road to industrialization. Witte's efforts made industrial advances from 1892 to 1910. Between 1880 and 1914, Russia had a growth rate of 3.5%. This would have surely brought Russian higher in the rank of industrial and economical world powers. It was said that all Russia needs is 20 years of peace, without war and she will not be in risk of revolution. Unfortunately, the statement was ignored and in 1904, Russia commenced a yearlong war with Japan. The Czar's ministers had assured him that the war with Japan would be an easy victory. In fact Russia suffered a devastating defeat. This leads to the revolution of 1905. Along with industrialization, Russia needed to educate the population. A large majority of the population was illiterate, and factories were looking for more skilled workers. The education of the people led to the growing popularity of several anti-Czarist groups.

Symbolism to the Journey

Whether we are reading a poem or a short story, there is a story to be found within. The writer is able to capture readers with their use of rhythm, characterization, or a fairy tale setting, among many other things throughout their writing. It is imagination that allows us, the readers of these stories and poems, to be able to fill in the blanks or mentally visualize what the writer wants us to see through use of descriptive words or symbolism. In the poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost, the short story â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty, and the short story â€Å"Used To Live Here Once† by Jean Rhys I noticed a common theme. No matter what lonely journey we find ourselves on, we determine how the journey ends. The lonely journey that each of these literary pieces tells about is presented differently in each writing. In â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, Frost used â€Å"Two roads diverged in a yellow wood† which told me that there was a forthcoming journey; he also used â€Å"and sorry I could not travel both† as a way to share that he had to make this decision of which path to take. Frost also used the word â€Å"I† many times, which allowed me to imagine him alone. In â€Å"A Worn Path†, Welty used the word â€Å"she† throughout the piece which gave me the image of this woman walking alone. The character spoke to animals â€Å"’Out of my way, all you foxes, owls, beetles’† and so forth. When the writer posed this conversation in the story, it gave me the feeling of loneliness. This woman was so lonely, she spoke to animals. The path that she was walking â€Å"ran up hill†. The idea that this path she was on was up a hill provided symbolism of a hard life. To me, walking up a hill would be hard work to get to the destination. Since the description of this woman had been of an aged woman, â€Å"her eyes blue with age† and her numberless branching wrinkles, it was a pity to find this woman walking alone up hill. In â€Å"Used To Live Here Once†, Rhys, too, used the word â€Å"she† many times to describe the character in the story. The usage of a singular word painted the picture of loneliness. â€Å"She was standing by the river† and â€Å"She came to the worn stone steps†. This woman was in this journey alone. In each piece of literary writing being discussed in this paper, the loneliness throughout the journey is clear. However, the ending to the journeys vary because of the choices the characters make. We will address this further on into the paper. The setting of a story or poem is what draws the reader in. I found myself reading â€Å"The Road Not Taken First†. The reason was that it starter out with almost a conflict of where the poem could take me. With the first line being â€Å"Two roads diverged in yellow wood†, I found myself wondering where the pathways would take me. As the poem began, I found it to be written in first person sine the writer used â€Å"I† as the main character term. Frost wrote â€Å"and be one traveler, long I stood†. This enabled me to actually step into the characters’, or the writer’s, shoes and see these pathways from his perspective. I like being able to feel as if I am in the story. Frost wrote about one path that it he could see where it â€Å"bent in the undergrowth†. He went on that the other path â€Å"was grassy and wanted wear†. This painted a picture for me of actual woods, split into two pathways, both different most likely ending in a different place. In the back of my mind, I had an idea that these were symbolic of something much bigger. The symbolism within the poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† was abundant. â€Å"Two roads diverged could be seen as two things, two jobs, two ideas, two of anything that one could choose between. The word â€Å"yellow†, as used to describe the two roads in which Frost could choose is symbolic of aging or decay. To me, it seemed as if Frost could have been in a mid-life crisis, in which he felt old and needed change, and he had two new roads, of which the pathways and endings were unknown, to choose from. One path had been the one he was on, but did not know where it would end. The other road was grassy, seemingly vibrant, and the ending, too, was unknown. Frost referred to the both paths as â€Å"in leaves no step had trodden black†. In his description, the use of the word â€Å"black† shows symbolism of death. It seemed as if Frost was analyzing his choices and was seeing that his alternative pathway, although it did look enticing, he wondered why no one else had come back if they had taken that path. He knew that either path would ultimately lead to death, as that was his fate. There came a turning point in the poem where Frost went from indecisiveness to having made up his mind of his choice. Instead of being in front of two paths â€Å"in a yellow wood† he ended the poem that he was in just â€Å"a wood† in which he had chosen to stay â€Å"on the first for another day†. It appeared to me that his analysis of the paths he could choose from lead him to understand that the unknown is not as enticing as the known. According to John Savoie, the contradiction lies within the idea that both paths were â€Å"equally lay† but Frost chose to take the path of least resistance which indeed is arguable as there is â€Å"a lack of distinction between the roads†. (Savoie, 2004) His journey, although seemingly lonely, was determined by the decisions he made or would make. The second piece I read drew me in because the setting was not one of mystery, but instead it was one of pity. Used to Live Here Once† was the second piece I chose to read. The setting was one of sadness. I could visualize this woman â€Å"standing by the river† and â€Å"remembering each one†. It gave me the idea that she had been there long before but had forgotten the beauty of the river over time. Sad beginnings to literary pieces are not something that normal ly draws me in. However, the story grew more intriguing to me as the setting moved to her old home. When she noticed that â€Å"the screw pine was gone†, I still felt the pity and sadness for the character. Since the writer chose to write in a third person perspective, it was difficult for me to actually identify with the character personally. Rhys wrote â€Å"it was strange to see a car standing in front of it†. The personification of this car â€Å"Standing† in front of her old house was difficult to be considered strange since it was not an actual feeling of the character but instead an observation by the writer. In fact, the idea that the writer was this close to the character made me think she was speaking of herself in third person. Elizabeth Abel wrote a piece on Jean Rhys saying that Rhys’ writings typically subject us to â€Å"sparse and repetitive narratives† and â€Å"are variations of themes of failure and rejection. (Abel, 1979) This could be, perhaps, how the writer was able to make me feel as if, although told in third person, I was able to identify with her more closely. I was able to feel was the pity that the writer felt for the character through the words, such as when she spoke â€Å"shyly† to the kids but they did not hear her. This, too, solidifies the idea of Abel that Rhys wrote of perhaps herself in yet another rejected scenario. It seemed as if the journey was lonely for this character. The words â€Å"she† tells me this and also the fact that the setting is very calm and serene but without emotion from the character. From beginning to end, Rhys used symbolism to allow me, the reader, to relate and perhaps dig deeper into the meaning of things. The character stood by the river, which is symbolic of life. She did not walk into the river, she stood by it. This is symbolic of the entire story itself, since in the end of the story we find that the woman was indeed already dead and looking back into her own life. This was a journey that the character took alone. The character then walks down a road. This road is very symbolic to this story. The description is that the road is â€Å"much wider than it used to be†. This indeed tells me that the character took her life for granted. She had never truly taken the time to see the beauty in the things around her; this is why the road seems so much wider to her now that she has passed on. The day â€Å"was a fine blue day†. The color blue is used to tell the reader that it was a peaceful day. Rhys wrote on to tell us that the character noticed the pine tree was missing from outside of her own home, as her journey led her to her old doorstep. This is symbolism of immortality. Her old house had been painted white, which provides the feeling of life or purity. The character’s observation of the boy and girl playing in the yard was one that I will never forget. The colors of the yellow grass as she approached them and the gray in the boy’s eyes as the character tried to speak to him. This is when I first realized that the character was indeed a ghost looking in on her old life. The usage of colors throughout â€Å"Used to Live Here Once† is what drew me into this story. At my initial read of this story, I just thought that the writer liked colors. When linking these colors to symbolism, it gave me a much deeper perspective on what Rhys was trying to tell me, the reader. The lonely journey that this character was on was reflective of the lonely journey she lived when she was alive. It, once again, confirms that the decisions we make in life are what determine the ending of our journey. The last piece, â€Å"A Worn Path† had a setting that would draw in any reader who appreciates in-depth detail that, although in third persona narrative, makes you, the reader, feel as if you are standing there in the story along with the character. The setting throughout this story is indeed a pathway through the woods. Welty started the story out with â€Å"a bright frozen day early in the morning†. I hate being cold, personally, but Welty’s initial setting description made me feel excited to see what would happen if I read on further about the events on the â€Å"frozen day†. According to journal writer, James Robert Sanders, â€Å"the story begins conspicuously on a cold December morning, and just as quickly we are made aware that there is an old black woman†. Suanders, 1992) Continuing my reading, I found the character, again noting the use of the singular â€Å"she† throughout the piece, to be â€Å"an old Negro woman† â€Å"along a path through the pinewoods†. Welty described this woman as â€Å"very old and small and she walked slowly†. The pity set in on me at this point to think that a lady of her age was walking alone in the woods. She carried a cane, â€Å"made from an umbrella†. The setting, although starting out in an exciting manor, had, at this point, turned more so into pitiful. She seemed destitute by this fact. There she was, in the woods alone, using an umbrella to swat through the brush to ensure there were not any animals hiding along her pathway. When Welty wrote that â€Å"the sun made the pine needles almost too bright to look up at†, it brought me back to the excited feeling again. It was as if the story had gone from exciting to pitiful and fearful back to exciting again. I felt like Welty was trying to keep a positive spin on a negative situation. Continuing on with the reading, I found the character again in a battle, but this time with thorns from a bush. Once she freed herself from the thorns, she said â€Å"sun so high† which again gave the offset to the negative event. Shortly after, the character was faced with a log that she must cross over a river. This woman could not catch a break on her journey but still she kept going with intent to succeed and make it to her destination. Within the story â€Å"A Worn Path†, the symbolism, the personification, and the tone are what made this story most appealing. The story, itself is interesting. However, when you add in the extra benefit of symbolism, the reader can get a more in-depth look and feel for what the writer is trying to make us feel. This story, told in third person narrative, starts out on a â€Å"bright frozen† morning. This symbolism provided me with a feeling of hopefulness. Although it was frozen outside, it was bright. The character walked down a path. It seemed she only had one path to walk down. Her only choice was actually going down that path or not to. Her eyes were blue which gave me the feeling of peacefulness. Her face was described with golden color beneath her wrinkles and yellow color under her dark cheekbones. This symbolism gave me the idea that although she was aged and seemingly poor, she still possessed dignity and pride. To describe the wrinkles on her face, Welty personified a little tree to be standing in the middle of the character’s forehead. Immediately, I was able to visualize this much better than I would have without this connection. The character continued on her path in the â€Å"sun† and cold, passing pine trees, thorns, and speaking to animals. The sun is symbolic of life. However, being winter outside, we know this by the use of the word â€Å"frozen† to describe the weather; we know that this is symbolic of death. I took this to mean that the character was dying but trying really hard to fight to stay alive. Along her path, these hurdles, the thorns, the logs and creeks, the path being uphill, passing through a cotton field, the field of dead corn, her speaking to animals and imagining people along her journey in the woods, this is all part of the symbolism of things she was fighting to stay alive. It was her struggle. She began dancing with a scarecrow, something that is supposed to scare away birds, or in this case death, and here she was dancing with it. It just shows her eagerness to stay alive and fight off the negativity, the death. Although she seems crazy throughout this journey, her own focus, the one thing that she stays sane in regard to, is life and her desire to stay alive. When the character started to walk through â€Å"trees silver in their dead leaves† it was certainly symbolic that death was shortly forthcoming. Just as I start to think she is about to die, she comes upon a spring and sweet gum and water. It was as if she was being given one more chance. She laid there on the ground and had a dream that â€Å"she reached her hand up, but nothing reached down and gave her a pull†. This dream symbolized to me that God was not ready to take her, not just yet. That is when the hunter found her. The hunter felt pity on her and I understand this because he says he would have given her money if he could. In town, she asked a lady to tie up her shoe for her before she reached her final destination. Her need to be presentable for her entrance into the medical building to get her grandson’s medicine shows that she still has class and self-respect. Her journey to the medical building, although alone and difficult, was made possible through the love for her grandson. Had she not made that trip, her grandson would have died. Each of these literary pieces was different by means of the nding to the journey in which the character had taken. â€Å"The Road Not Taken† was a solitary journey to make the decision of which path in life to take, the one we know or the one we do not know. â€Å"Used to Live Here Once† was another solitary journey of a life after it has already passed by; it was a lesson that we should not take for grante d the things in life, although simple. â€Å"A Worn Path† was one more solitary journey, but this one taught a lesson that love can conquer all. Each journey I read for this paper has taught a value life lesson. The journeys we take are altered by the decisions we make along the way.

Themes in The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin and The...

Many times, literature can be intriguing, and other times, confusing. During the course of this year, although we had discussed a various amount of stories, there were certain ones that had the strength to leave an impact on the reader. The following will reveal the favorite piece of literature from this semester’s syllabus as being â€Å"The Story of An Hour† by Kate Chopin because of its epiphany, and the most challenging piece as being â€Å"The Second Coming† by William Butler Yeats because of its millennialism. â€Å"The Story of An Hour† by Kate Chopin had been a fascinating story with an epiphany at the conclusion of the story being a major theme throughout the short story. This short story opened with a lady named Louise Mallard who had heart trouble, and had to be informed about her husband’s apparent death. Her sister, Josephine, had decided to tell her after Louise’s husband’s friend, Richards, had discovered about the death (a railroad accident) when he was in the newspaper office and read Brently, (Louise’s husband) on the list of those who died. Initially, the reaction of Louise had been quite upsetting, she had been sobbing since Josephine told her about the tragedy, and decided to go upstairs to be alone in her room. As she sat in her room, she looked outside the window and she saw the numerous things outside, such as the trees, the smells of rain, and the clouds. Eventually, she started to feel something coming towards her, and moments later â€Å"†¦she abandoned herself a